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Home Midwives Professional Practice A-Z of breastfeeding & infant feeding: Resources for midwives & their clients

A-Z of breastfeeding & infant feeding: Resources for midwives & their clients

These pages contain links for midwives’ information & also links to information that can be shared with clients when necessary.

Other points to note:

  • If Health Pathways is available in your region clinical breastfeeding information can be accessed via the local sites.
  • Some links are from overseas sources – support services information will therefore be irrelevant to Aotearoa NZ. Check your local regions for breastfeeding support information.
  • Sometimes links can become broken – please let us know if you find a broken link so we can remedy this. Thank you

A

Abscess

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Adoption, lactation and breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Alcohol & Breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Allergies and breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Amenorrhoea Lactational

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Anaesthesia & Breastfeeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Analgesics

Link for midwives

  • The Breastfeeding Network – Paracetamol & Ibuprofen are considered the safest option – Commercially available analgesics are freely available over-the counter and on prescription – considerations for breastfeeding https://www.breastfeedingnetwork.org.uk/analgesics/

Anatomy

Links for midwives & clients

Ankyloglossia

  • See tongue tie

Antenatal Colostrum Harvesting (ACH)

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Antenatal – discussion of breastfeeding & infant feeding

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Antibiotics

Link for midwives

Antibodies (Also see immunity)

Link for midwives & clients

Antidepressants, Anxiolytics & Antipsychotics & more options for treatment

Links for midwives

 

Apps

Links for midwives & clients

Assessment of a breastfeed

Link for midwives and clients

Links for client information

Aversion – to breastfeeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

B

Baby sucking, swallowing and breathing coordination

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Bed sharing

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Behavioural sequences – newborn

Links for midwives

Links for client information

BFHI – Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Bicultural perspectives & considerations for Aotearoa

Links for midwives & clients

Biological nurturing

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Birth interventions

Links for midwives

Link for midwives & clients

Blister – milk

Links for midwives & clients

Blocked milk ducts

Bottle-feeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Breast cancer

Links for midwives

Breast milk

Links for midwives & clients

Breast milk & nutrition

Links for midwives & clients

Breast pumps

Link for midwives

Links for midwives & clients

Breast refusal

Link for midwives

Links for midwives & clients

Breast surgery

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Breastfeeding and pregnancy – tandem breastfeeding

Links for midwives & clients

Breastfeeding Strategy – National Aotearoa NZ

C

Caesarean birth

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Caffeine intake

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Cleft lip & palate

Link for midwives

  • GP Infant Feeding Network UK – Feeding of babies who are cleft affectedcleft lip and/or palate can make breastfeeding challenging https://gpifn.org.uk/cleft/

Link for client information

Climate change and infant feeding

Links for midwives & clients

Codeine - considerations for breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Colostrum

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Combination feeding

  • See mixed feeding

 

Comfortable breastfeeding

Complementary feeding

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Composition of breastmilk

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Congenital heart disease

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Contraception and breastfeeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Contraindications to breastfeeding

Links for midwives

COVID-19

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Crying – the unsettled baby

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Cues – infant cues for feeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Cytomegalovirus

Links for midwives

D

Data – breastfeeding rates

Links for midwives

Definitions

Link for midwives

NZ College of Midwives – MOH – infant feeding definitions https://www.midwife.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Breastfeeding.pdf

Delayed lactogenesis

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Diabetes

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Diet

Links for midwives & clients

Disability

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Donor human milk

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Down Syndrome

Links for midwives and clients

Drugs (social/illegal) & breastfeeding

Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex

Links for midwives

Links for client information

E

Economics & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Education

Link for midwives

UNICEF UK Baby Friendly Initiative – getting breastfeeding off to a good start https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/04/Unicef-UK-Baby-Friendly-Initiative-education-refresher-sheet-2.pdf

Emergency Infant feeding

See Infant & Young Child Feeding in Emergencies- IYCF-E

Engorgement

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Epilepsy

Links for midwives

Link for client information

 

Exercise

Links for client information

Expressing breast milk

Link for midwives

Links for client information

F

Feeding difficulties

Links for client information

Finger-feeding

When a non-latching breastfed baby receives a milk supplement via a fine feeding tube while sucking an adult finger.

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Follow-on formula – stage 2 milks & toddler formula

Follow-up (follow-on) formula is marketed in a way that may cause confusion and have a negative impact on breastfeeding.

Links for midwives

Foremilk and hindmilk

There are not two kinds of milk. Despite this common belief, there is no magic moment when foremilk becomes hindmilk.

Links for midwives & clients

Formula (breast-milk substitutes)

Choosing a product, mixed feeding, safe preparation & responsive feeding.

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Frequency of feeds (Also see Physiology)

Links for midwives

Links for client information

G

Galactagogues

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Gastric reflux & GORD

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Grief

Links for midwives

Links for client information

 

H

Hand expressing

Links for midwives

Links for client information

UNICEF UK Baby Friendly Initiative video – how to hand express & when it might be useful  https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/baby-friendly-resources/breastfeeding-resources/hand-expression-video/

Hepatitis

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Herpes

HIV

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Hospitalised breastfeeding infant or mother

Links for midwife & client information

Hypoallergenic formula

Links for midwives

Hypoglycaemia

Links for midwives

Link for client information

 

Hypoplasia

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Hypotonia

Link for midwives

Links for client information

I

Immunity

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Imprinting

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Inequity

Links for midwives

Infant health

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Infant output

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Infant & young child feeding in emergencies (IYCF-E)

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Infant & Young Child Feeding Guidelines

Link for midwives

International Code of the Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes

J

Jaundice

Links for midwives

Links for client information

K

Kangaroo-mother care

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Knitting

Links for midwives

L

Labour medication & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Lactation & baby loss

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Laid-back breastfeeding

Link for client information

La Leche League NZ

Links for midwives & clients

Latching at the breast

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Late preterm infant-breastfeeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Lead pollution in water

Links for midwives & clients

Link for client information

Leaking breasts

Link for client information

M

Mastitis

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Maternal health

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Medications

Links for midwives

 

Mental health

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Microbiome - infant

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Milk blister – or nipple bleb

Links for midwives & clients 

Milk ejection reflex (MER)

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Milk supply – increasing

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Milk supply

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Mixed feeding (Combination feeding)

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Multiple births

Link for midwives

Links for client information

N

Nappy, what’s in a nappy?

Link for client information

National Breastfeeding Strategy for New Zealand Aotearoa

  • See Breastfeeding Strategy

Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Night time breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Nine stages after birth

  • See behavioural sequences & newborn / skin to skin to skin contact

Nipples

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Nipple bleb

  • See Blister – milk

Nipple creams & ointments

Links for midwives

Nipple pain & trauma

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Nipple piercing

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Nipple shields

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Nitrates in water supplies

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Non-latching infant

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Non-nutritive suckling (NNS)

Link for midwives

New Zealand Breastfeeding Alliance (NZBA)

Link for midwives

Link for client information

O

Odour – of breast milk

Links for midwives

Oedema of the breast

Links for midwives

Oligosaccharides

Links for midwives

Oxytocin

Links for midwives

Link for client information

P

Pacifiers

Links for midwives

  • Breastfeeding Medicine – Pacifier use & breastfeeding: A qualitative study of postpartum mothers https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/bfm.2019.0174
  • Cochrane Review – effect of restricted pacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing duration of breastfeeding (In motivated mothers, there is moderate‐quality evidence that pacifier use in healthy term breastfeeding infants before & after lactation is established does not reduce the duration of breastfeeding up to four months of age. Insufficient information on the potential harms of pacifiers on infants & mothers) https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007202.pub4/full

Links for client information

Pain during breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Pain – breastfeeding & infant pain relief

Links for midwives

Physiology

Links for midwives

Link for client information

 

Physiologic breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Positioning & attachment

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Preparation for breastfeeding

Link for client information

Preterm infant

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Production of milk

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Prolactin

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Protection, promotion & support of breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Public Health & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Pump & Dump

Link for midwives & clients

  • Trash the pump & dump – The goal of the Trash the Pump and Dump App is to explain the true situations when pump and dumping is recommended – which are very few & to expose the myths regarding contraindications to breastfeeding/giving breastmilk (There are very few reasons why milk needs to be ‘pumped & dumped’) https://trashthepumpanddump.org/about/

R

Radioisotopes

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Rash-Eczema

Links for midwives

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Reflexes – newborn

Links for midwives

Relactation & induced lactation

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Responsive feeding

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Reverse pressure softening

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Rights to Breastfeed

Links for midwives & clients

Rooting reflex

Links for midwives

S

Safe sleep - research evidence

Links for midwives

Sexuality & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Skin-to-skin contact

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Sleep – normal infant sleep

Links for client information

Sleepy babies

Links for client information

Smellscape

Links for midwives

Smoking

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Sore nipples

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Stages of infant arousal – infant cues

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Storage - capacity of the breast

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Stories about breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Sucking & swallowing

Link for midwives

Link for client information

SUDI & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Supplementary feeding systems

Links for midwives & clients

Supplementation of breastfeeds

Links for midwives

Support, Midwifery & other support services

Links for client information

Suppression of lactation

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Surgery

Link for client information

Surrogacy

Links for midwives

Links for client information

T

Tandem breastfeeding

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Taste – rancid smell/expressed breast milk refusal

Links for client information

Taste preference

Links for midwives & clients

Tattoos

Link for midwives

Link for client information

Thrush

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Thyroid

Link for midwives

Links for client information

Tongue-tie

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Transgender / Non binary resources

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Homemade supplemental nursing system – https://breastfeeding.support/homemade-supplemental-nursing-system/

Translations, breastfeeding information – Māori & Pacific languages

Links for midwives & clients

Translations, Breastfeeding information for parents in languages other than English

Links for midwives & clients

Tube-feeding

Link for midwives

Links for client information

U

Urates in the nappy

Link for client information

What’s in a nappy? La Leche League GB – https://www.laleche.org.uk/whats-in-a-nappy/

V

Vaccination

Links for midwives & clients

Vaccination & pain relief

Links for midwives

Vasospasm

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Virtual infant feeding support

Links for midwives

Link for client information

Vitamin D & breastfeeding

Links for midwives

Link for client information

W

Weight gain - infant

Links for midwives

Links for client information

Work

Links for midwives & clients

World Health Organization International Code of the Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes

Link for midwives

Links for midwives & clients